Conceptualization of Gendered Energy Ageism

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.63775/cetgtn51

Keywords:

Gendered energy poverty, Ageism, Energy justice, Intersectionality, Energy transition, Older women, sustainable energy

Abstract

The global transition towards low-carbon energy systems is a fundamental imperative of the twenty-first century, yet it risks deepening existing social inequalities if not managed equitably. While energy poverty and vulnerability have been extensively studied, the intersection of gender and age remains a critical blind spot in energy research and policy. This paper addresses this gap by conceptualizing "gendered energy ageism"—a novel framework that captures the unique structural and social discrimination faced by older women in energy access, affordability, and participation. Employing a theoretical analysis grounded in feminist intersectionality theory and the energy justice framework, the study delineates the economic, technological, policy, and social dimensions of this phenomenon. The proposed conceptual framework illustrates how demographic aging, gender wage gaps, and the digitalization of energy systems act as structural drivers that, through mechanisms of policy neglect and technological exclusion, produce disproportionate energy poverty and marginalization for older women. The paper concludes by outlining significant implications for energy and social policies, advocating for aging-inclusive and gender-sensitive transition strategies, and proposing a future research agenda to empirically measure and address gendered energy ageism.

References

Bouzarovski, S., & Tirado Herrero, S. (2017). Energy poverty and gender in England: A spatial perspective. Geoforum, 98, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2019.01.007

Butler, R. N. (1969). Age-ism: Another form of bigotry. The Gerontologist, 9(4), 243–246. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/9.4_part_1.243

Caretta, M. A., & Vela-Almeida, D. (2025). Just energy transition and gender: A systematic review for feminist research. Energy Research & Social Science, 126, 104138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2025.104138

Cheng, Z., Gu, J., Guo, L., Mitchell, R., & Zhang, L. (2026). Menopause and energy poverty. Energy Economics, 157, 109270. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109270

Cohen, A. (2021). The challenges of intersectionality in the lives of older adults living in rural areas with limited financial resources. Gerontology & Geriatric Medicine, 7, 23337214211009363. https://doi.org/10.1177/23337214211009363

Collins, P. H. (2000). Black feminist thought: Knowledge, consciousness, and the politics of empowerment (2nd ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203900055

Crenshaw, K. (1989). Demarginalizing the intersection of race and sex: A black feminist critique of antidiscrimination doctrine, feminist theory and antiracist politics. University of Chicago Legal Forum, 1989(1), 139–167.

European Economic and Social Committee (EESC). (2022). Energy poverty: Women more likely to be affected than men. Retrieved from https://www.eesc.europa.eu/en/news-media/news/energy-poverty-women-more-likely-be-affected-men

European Institute for Gender Equality (EIGE). (2024). Gender and energy poverty. EIGE Publications. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-80068-9_13

Heffron, R. J., & McCauley, D. (2017). The concept of energy justice across the disciplines. Energy Policy, 105, 658–667. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2017.03.018

McCauley, D., Heffron, R. J., Stephan, H., & Jenkins, K. (2013). Advancing energy justice: The triumvirate of tenets. International Energy Law Review, 32(3), 107–110.

Raman, R. (2025). Energy justice and gender: Bridging equity, access, and policy for sustainable development. Discover Sustainability, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43621-025-01792-8

Szulecki, K., Neerland, M. A., Tomter, H., Wæringsaasen, C. A. B., Żuk, P., & Żuk, P. (2024). Ageism, welfare, and the energy transition: A comparative analysis of the perceptions among the elderly in Poland and Norway. Energy, Sustainability and Society, 14(1), 35. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13705-024-00468-x

Thunshirn, P., Ettwein, F., & Hoeferl, K. M. (2025). Assessing the digital divide in the energy transition: Surveying the social factors influencing home energy management systems in Austria. Energy Research & Social Science, 110, 103456. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2025.103941

Volodzkiene, L., & Streimikiene, D. (2025). Integrating energy justice and economic realities through insights on energy expenditures, inequality, and renewable energy attitudes. Scientific Reports, 15(1), 27067. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-12410-yZhang, L., & Petrova, S. (2026). Quantifying gender in energy poverty: A critical review of data, methodologies and contextual constraints. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 225, 116178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2025.116178

Zhang, Z. (2022). Is there gender inequality in the impacts of energy poverty on health? Frontiers in Public Health, 10, 986548. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.986548

Żuk, P., & Żuk, P. (2022). Energy ageism: The framework of the problem and the challenges of a just energy transition. Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions, 43, 257–262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eist.2022.04.006

Żuk, P., & Żuk, P. (2024). Social and spatial determinants of energy ageism: Calibrating social policy towards older people under the conditions of energy transition in Polish society. Energy Research & Social Science, 110, 103444. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2024.103795

Downloads

Published

2026-04-20

Issue

Section

Articles

How to Cite

Agnusdei, L. (2026). Conceptualization of Gendered Energy Ageism. Transformations and Sustainability, 2(2), 102-115. https://doi.org/10.63775/cetgtn51